{"id":7827,"date":"2022-07-10T21:53:46","date_gmt":"2022-07-11T01:53:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/?p=7827"},"modified":"2022-07-10T21:53:46","modified_gmt":"2022-07-11T01:53:46","slug":"a-year-after-protests-cuba-struggles-to-emerge-from-crisis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/?p=7827","title":{"rendered":"A Year After Protests, Cuba Struggles to Emerge from Crisis"},"content":{"rendered":"
A woman who sells plastic shopping bags, waits for customers in Havana, Cuba, Saturday, July 9, 2022. A year after the largest protests in decades shook Cuba’s single-party government, the economic and political factors that caused them largely remain. (AP Photo\/Ramon Espinosa)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

A year after the largest protests in decades shook Cuba\u2019s single-party government, hundreds of people who participated are in prison and the economic and political factors that caused the demonstrations largely remain.<\/p>\n

Streets and public squares filled with protesters on July 11 and 12, 2021, some answering social media appeals, others joining spontaneously to express frustration with shortages, long lines and a lack of political options.<\/p>\n

Since then, a few things have changed: The Communist Party government has made its most expansive \u2014 if still limited \u2014 opening in six decades to private enterprise, authorizing small and medium sized companies. And the easing of the COVID-19 pandemic has allowed a gradual revival of the critical tourism industry.<\/p>\n

But the overall economy remains dire, with long lines and rapidly rising prices for limited goods. That has fed a huge increase in migration, principally to the United States.<\/p>\n

And the economy remains squeezed by U.S. sanctions. While U.S. President Joe Biden has eased some, such as allowing U.S. residents to send more money to Cuban relatives and processing some visas in Cuba, he has been slow to implement his campaign promises to turn back many of the other restrictions imposed by former President Donald Trump. That commitment may have been further delayed by the Cuban government\u2019s crackdown on the protests, which soured the atmosphere for any seeming concessions from Washington.<\/p>\n

The protests changed everything, however, for the Rom\u00e1n family of Havana\u2019s La Guinera neighborhood.<\/p>\n

Three of the family\u2019s members were arrested on June 12, 2021 and two remain imprisoned.<\/p>\n

\u201cThey haven\u2019t committed a crime so serious that it warrants that punishment,\u201d said Emilio Rom\u00e1n, 51, whose 26-year-old son Yosney, a construction worker, and 24-year-old daughter Mackyanis, a housewife, were sentenced to 10 years in prison on sedition charges in March. His youngest daughter, 18-year-old Emiyoslan, was given conditional release because she was a minor when arrested.<\/p>\n

Three cousins were arrested as well \u2014 two of them now imprisoned for 10 years as well.<\/p>\n

Officials haven\u2019t said how many people were arrested during the protests that occurred in dozens of places across the country, but an independent organization formed to track the cases, Justice 11J, has counted more than 1,400.<\/p>\n

The national prosecutor\u2019s office said in June that courts had imposed 488 sentences on protesters, ranging up to 25 years in prison.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe government has demonstrated its authoritarian nature,\u201d said Giselle Morfi, a Cuban attorney now based in Mexico who works with Cubalex, a legal aid group focused on human rights in Cuba. \u201cThe state criminalizes the exercise of fundamental rights that should be protected within any democratic society, such as freedom of expression, and it stigmatizes protest.\u201d<\/p>\n

She said the crackdown is meant to dissuade Cubans from any new wave of protests.<\/p>\n

One who did call for more demonstrations \u2014 unsuccessfully \u2014 last November, playwright Yunior Garc\u00eda, wound up leaving the country.<\/p>\n

Authorities insist those arrested are not political prisoners but people who have violated laws against public disorder, vandalism or sedition, often at the instigation of U.S. based opposition groups using social media to attack the socialist state.<\/p>\n

Following a massive inoculation campaign using vaccines developed in Cuba itself, authorities say they have seen no COVID-19 deaths in more than a month. Hotels and air routes closed for more than a year have been reopening \u2014 something crucial for a country that depends heavily on foreign tourism for the hard currency needed to import food and other crucial goods.<\/p>\n

Cuba recorded only 573,000 foreign visitors last year, down from 4.2 million in 2019.<\/p>\n

But long lines remain for fuel and food and power outages are common following the pandemic-induced economic fall of 11% in 2020 and a weak 2% rebound in 2021.<\/p>\n

\u201cThose Cuban officials refuse to accept the three most simple economic keys to the crisis: breakfast, lunch and dinner,\u201d said Domingo Amuch\u00e1stegui, a former Cuban diplomat. He argues that the opening to small private business is still too limited.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe great lesson of China and Vietnam is being ignored,\u201d he said, referring to Communist-led nations that have made much more sweeping openings to private enterprise.<\/p>\n

Still, Cuba\u2019s Economy Ministry announced in mid-June that 3,980 small and medium sized private enterprises had been approved since September, creating 66,300 jobs.<\/p>\n

The once-mighty sugar industry managed to produce only 480,000 metric tons in the most recent harvest, just over half of the planned output and not enough to meet foreign contracts.<\/p>\n

But perhaps the hardest blow for most Cubans is the inflation that followed elimination of the country\u2019s old dual-currency system \u2014 a long-discussed reform that finally arrived in the midst of other crises.<\/p>\n

While the newly unified peso officially trades at 24 to the dollar, prices on the street run at 100 to 1.<\/p>\n

One of the most visible consequences of the economic crisis \u2014 and to a smaller extent the crackdown \u2014 is the sharp rise in emigration.<\/p>\n

The U.S. Customs and Border Patrol recorded encountering some 140,000 Cubans at U.S. land borders from the start of the fiscal year in October through May \u2014 a figure exceeding even the dramatic Mariel exodus of 1980, when 125,000 Cubans reached the U.S.<\/p>\n

And the U.S. Coast Guard has reported intercepting 2,464 Cuban migrants at sea \u2014 also a leap from recent years.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere are ever fewer young people ready to make a life in the country,\u201d said Cuban-born lawyer and political analyst Luis Carlos Battista, who said the loss is economically damaging for a small nation with an aging population trying to cope with U.S. economic sanctions.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt easily could be that that 1.5% of the Cuban population has left in just 10 months,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

– Andrea Rodr\u00edguez, AP News<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A year after the largest protests in decades shook Cuba\u2019s single-party government, hundreds of people who participated are in prison and the economic and political factors that caused the demonstrations largely remain. Streets and public squares filled with protesters on July 11 and 12, 2021, some answering social media appeals, others joining spontaneously to express…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":124,"featured_media":7829,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/afs-prod\/media\/0e0c184b751f4fabb6b0ca99e533502c\/800.jpeg","fifu_image_alt":"A Year After Protests, Cuba Struggles to Emerge from Crisis","footnotes":""},"categories":[189],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-borders-commerce"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7827","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/124"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7827"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7827\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7828,"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7827\/revisions\/7828"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7829"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7827"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7827"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/latinamericasecurityreport.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7827"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}